Microbial Electrolysis Cell as a Diverse Technology: Overview of Prospective Applications, Advancements, and Challenges

Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) have been explored for various applications, including the removal of industrial pollutants, wastewater treatment chemical synthesis, and biosensing. On other hand, MEC technology is still in its early stages faces significant obstacles regarding practical large-scale implementations. MECs are used energy generation hydrogen peroxide, methane, hydrogen/biohydrogen production, pollutant removal. This review aimed to investigate aforementioned uses order better understand different applications following scenarios: recycling, such as hydrogen, peroxide; contaminant removal, particularly complex organic inorganic contaminants; resource recovery. was examined terms new concepts, configuration optimization, electron transfer pathways biocathodes, coupling with technologies value-added anaerobic digestion, combined MEC–MFC, others. The goal help researchers engineers most recent developments applications.